What Causes a ‘Polar Vortex’?

Imagine Earth is like a giant spinning top. When it spins really fast, the cold air at the poles gets stuck in place, that's the polar vortex! Sometimes it stays cozy up north, but when it wobbles, the super-cold air rushes south and gives us a huge freeze. It's like the Earth took a deep breath and then let out all its chill.

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Examples

  1. A big snowstorm in Texas during winter was caused by a wobbly polar vortex letting cold air rush south.
  2. When the Earth spins slower, the polar vortex gets weaker, like a spinning top that slows down and loses its balance.
  3. Imagine your fridge door is left open for too long, the cold air inside rushes out into the room. That's kind of what happens with the polar vortex when it weakens.

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