What Makes a Coin ‘Fair’ and Why Isn’t It Always?

A fair coin is one that has an equal chance of landing on heads or tails when you flip it. It’s like a 50-50 game, no tricks, no bias. But sometimes coins aren’t fair because they’re slightly weighted or shaped in a way that makes them favor one side. Imagine if your coin was made of clay and one side was heavier, it might always land on the same side!

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Examples

  1. You flip a coin to decide who gets the last piece of pizza, but it always lands on tails for your friend, maybe that coin is unfair!
  2. Your teacher uses a worn-down coin for math class, and everyone starts noticing that it almost always shows heads.
  3. You try flipping a brand-new coin 10 times, and you get 8 heads in a row, is the coin just lucky or actually unfair?

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Categories: Math · probability· coins· mathematics