How do carbon markets aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

Carbon markets help people and companies work together to make less pollution.

Imagine you're playing a game where everyone gets a certain number of marbles, and each marble stands for a bit of mess they make in the world, like smoke from cars or factories. If someone uses fewer marbles than allowed, they can give their extra marbles to someone else who needs them. That way, both people are happy, and less pollution happens overall.

In real life, companies get a number of "marbles" called emissions allowances. Each allowance lets them make a little bit of pollution. If they do better than expected, like using cleaner energy, they can save their marbles or even sell some to others who need them.

This trading makes it easier for companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, because the ones that find smart ways to cut down on mess get rewards, and the ones that struggle can buy help. It’s like sharing toys so everyone gets to play nicely with less mess in the end.